{"id":362,"date":"2020-11-14T17:29:35","date_gmt":"2020-11-14T17:29:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/?page_id=362"},"modified":"2020-11-14T17:29:42","modified_gmt":"2020-11-14T17:29:42","slug":"leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter\/","title":{"rendered":"Leadership through showmanship: Trump\u2019s ability to coin nicknames for opponents on Twitter"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"453\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png?resize=453%2C453&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png?w=453&amp;ssl=1 453w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"US205bio\"><strong>Dr Marco Morini<\/strong><br><br>Assistant Professor in Political Science at Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). He is the author of Lessons from Trump\u2019s Political Communication: How to Dominate the Media Environment(London: Palgrave,2020).<br><br><em>Email: marco.morini@uniroma1.it<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_5_social_media.png?resize=400%2C308&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_5_social_media.png?w=400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_5_social_media.png?resize=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"US205\"> Section 5: Social media<\/h5>\n<div class=\"page-list\"><ul class=\"list-group-item\"><li class=\"page_item page-item-328\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/media-and-social-media-platforms-finally-begin-to-embrace-their-roles-as-democratic-gatekeepers\/\">Media and social media platforms finally begin to embrace their roles as democratic gatekeepers<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-331\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/did-social-media-make-us-more-or-less-politically-unequal-in-2020\/\">Did social media make us more or less politically unequal in 2020?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/platform-transparency-in-the-fight-against-disinformation\/\">Platform transparency in the fight against disinformation<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/why-trumps-determination-to-sow-doubt-about-data-undermines-democracy\/\">Why Trump\u2019s determination to sow doubt about data undermines democracy<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-344\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/a-banner-year-for-advertising-and-a-look-at-differences-across-platforms\/\">A banner year for advertising and a look at differences across platforms<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-350\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/how-joe-biden-conveyed-empathy\/\">How Joe Biden conveyed empathy<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-353\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/the-debates-and-the-election-conversation-on-twitter\/\">The debates and the election conversation on Twitter<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-356\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/did-the-economy-covid-19-or-black-lives-matter-to-the-senate-candidates-in-2020\/\">Did the economy, COVID-19, or Black Lives Matter to the Senate candidates in 2020?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-366\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/election-countdown-instagrams-role-in-visualizing-the-2020-campaign\/\">Election countdown: Instagram\u2019s role in visualizing the 2020 campaign<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/candidates-did-lackluster-youth-targeting-on-instagram\/\">Candidates did lackluster youth targeting on Instagram<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-374\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/college-students-political-engagement-and-snapchat-in-the-2020-general-election\/\">College students, political engagement and Snapchat in the 2020 general election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-381\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/advertising-on-facebook-transparency-but-not-transparent-enough\/\">Advertising on Facebook: transparency, but not transparent enough<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-391\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/detecting-emotions-in-facebook-political-ads-with-computer-vision\/\">Detecting emotions in Facebook political ads with computer vision<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<p>From \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 and \u2018Crazy Bernie\u2019 to \u2018Mini Mike\u2019, \u2018Sleepy Joe\u2019 and many others, Donald Trump has coined concise memorable nicknames which carry character-destroying meanings. This trend begun in the 2015-16 Republican primaries, it continued during his first presidential campaign and it did not stop in the 4 years of his administration. Unsurprisingly, the same strategy has been employed in the 2020 presidential campaign. The preferred medium for delivery has also been the same: Trump\u2019s personal Twitter account, his favourite tool to communicate directly to followers, to by-pass the journalistic filters and with a final aim to build the agenda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 soon became part of the general media discourse, \u2018Sleepy Joe Biden\u2019 is a widely known epithet. Table 1 provides numbers for this particular tactic: \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 remained in President Trump\u2019s tweets and it has been even mentioned in the 2020 campaign (when she was almost completely out of daily politics). \u2018Sleepy Joe\u2019 already appeared in 2015 but was only during the 2020 Democratic primaries that it became consistently present in Trump\u2019s Twitter feed. Rivals and preferred targets change and evolve throughout time: at the beginning there were \u2018Lying Ted Cruz\u2019 and \u2018Lightweight Jeb Bush\u2019, then several reporters popped-up for some of Trump\u2019s recurring feud with media and news outlets. Finally, Joe Biden became the preferred target (although not as extensively as \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 four years earlier). Unpacking the frequency of Trump\u2019s use of nicknames provides a timeline for his political enterprise: \u2018Lying Ted Cruz\u2019 and \u2018Dope Karl Rove\u2019 for the 2016 Republican primaries; \u2018Nervous Nancy Pelosi\u2019 and \u2018Shifty Adam Schiff\u2019 for the four years of dispute with the Democratic-controlled U.S. House of Representatives; and the well-known \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 and \u2018Sleepy Joe Biden\u2019 for the two presidential runs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/marco_morini_table_1.png?resize=411%2C439&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-364\" width=\"411\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/marco_morini_table_1.png?w=698&amp;ssl=1 698w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/marco_morini_table_1.png?resize=280%2C300&amp;ssl=1 280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 411px) 100vw, 411px\" \/><figcaption>Source: Author\u2019s elaboration on Trumptwitterarchive.com (2020).<br><em>Note: Total tweets from @realDonaldTrump.<\/em><br><em>*Candidate 2016 period: June 16, 2015-November 8, 2016 (500 days: 7787 tweets).<\/em><br><em>**Presidential period: January 20, 2017-January 20, 2020 (1095 days: 14242 tweets). ***Candidate 2020 period: January 20, 2020-November 3, 2020 (283 days: 10424 tweets). Transition period (November 9, 2016-January 19, 2017) not included.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Why such a strategy? Because emotions play a crucial role in establishing an empathetic relation between the political leader and their audience. Trump is able to construct the character of his opponents using simple and short descriptions; setting the ground for informal, everyday language, and distracting the audience from serious issues and complex policies. He knows how to calculate words and how to play with social media and TV; how to cheer the audience and how to impress it; how to play with symbols and symbolic images. He is an experienced and skilled performer who aims to establish a relation of confidence and full complicity with the audience. He has worked on TV for years and he knows the \u201crules\u201d of the showbiz and of the infotainment. Every time he wants to show that he has nothing to do with old-style serious politics he jokes, he makes fun of his opponents. Average citizens have limits in assimilating data and information and fully react only to emotional acts. And Trump\u2019s attempts to make opponents looking ridiculous serve him to offer voters with an experience of a sensation of full identification with the speaker, with simple solutions offered in a pleasant and funny framework, equipped with jokes, nicknames and mockeries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Candidate Trump and President Trump are speaking the same language: in disarticulating old-style political discourse, they are privileging slogans over thought, emotions instead of contents. With the crucial aid of his Twitter\u2019s based disintermediated communication, Trump\u2019s nicknames and inflammatory mockeries are invented to serve his populist strategy, to personify the \u2018everyday man\u2019 who fights against the elites. And that has been true for both presidential campaigns and for his full term as President. Trump\u2019s hyper-simplified and politically-incorrect language is the language that millions of Americans speak at home, among friends, or in their families. When they hear a candidate (a president!) speaking like them, they feel at ease, comforted. It is the true language of populism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trump\u2019s rhetoric has never become presidential and his political communication has been set into a comedy-style model, limiting the space for complex reasoning and complicated contents. Moreover, his ability to coin nicknames for almost every political opponent, disdained journalists and mainstream media has been picked up by his social media followers and conservative-aligned media such as Fox News. Literally, Trump has been able to build the agenda throughout his social media strategy of de-politicized, clowning-style communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Focusing on this ability to coin and impose ridiculous nicknames for opponents also opens up room for reflection on two relevant political concepts. The first one concerns Trump as the epitome of the modern notion of permanent campaign. His inflammatory communication never changed: from candidate to President to candidate again (incumbent). The blurring boundaries between time of campaign and time of governing makes presidents being perceived as more partisan, less \u201cpresidential\u201d. And this brings to the second long-term consequence: throughout this divisive rhetoric, once typical of election campaigns, Donald Trump represents a key factor in the increasing polarization of U.S. politics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr Marco Morini Assistant Professor in Political Science at Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). He is the author of Lessons from Trump\u2019s Political Communication: How to Dominate the Media Environment(London: Palgrave,2020). Email: marco.morini@uniroma1.it From \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 and \u2018Crazy Bernie\u2019 to \u2018Mini Mike\u2019, \u2018Sleepy Joe\u2019 and many others, Donald Trump has coined concise memorable nicknames which [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":22,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-362","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Leadership through showmanship: Trump\u2019s ability to coin nicknames for opponents on Twitter - Election Analysis - United States<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leadership through showmanship: Trump\u2019s ability to coin nicknames for opponents on Twitter - Election Analysis - United States\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr Marco Morini Assistant Professor in Political Science at Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). He is the author of Lessons from Trump\u2019s Political Communication: How to Dominate the Media Environment(London: Palgrave,2020). Email: marco.morini@uniroma1.it From \u2018Crooked Hillary\u2019 and \u2018Crazy Bernie\u2019 to \u2018Mini Mike\u2019, \u2018Sleepy Joe\u2019 and many others, Donald Trump has coined concise memorable nicknames which [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Election Analysis - United States\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-11-14T17:29:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/MARCO_MORINI_-_Morini._PHOTOMER-10.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-5-social-media\/leadership-through-showmanship-trumps-ability-to-coin-nicknames-for-opponents-on-twitter\/\",\"name\":\"Leadership through showmanship: Trump\u2019s ability to coin nicknames for opponents on Twitter - 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