{"id":248,"date":"2020-11-14T16:02:47","date_gmt":"2020-11-14T16:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/?page_id=248"},"modified":"2020-11-14T16:02:48","modified_gmt":"2020-11-14T16:02:48","slug":"character-and-image-in-the-u-s-presidential-election-a-psychological-perspective","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/character-and-image-in-the-u-s-presidential-election-a-psychological-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"Character and image in the U.S. presidential election: a psychological perspective"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"453\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/Geoff_Beattie.png?resize=453%2C453&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/Geoff_Beattie.png?w=453&amp;ssl=1 453w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/Geoff_Beattie.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/Geoff_Beattie.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/Geoff_Beattie.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"US203bio\"><strong>Prof Geoffrey Beattie<\/strong><br><br>Academic psychologist, writer and broadcaster.Professor of Psychology at Edge Hill University and a Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS), a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. He was awarded the Spearman Medal by the BPS for &#8220;published psychological research of outstanding merit&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_3_candidates.png?resize=400%2C308&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_3_candidates.png?w=400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/11\/US20_divider_3_candidates.png?resize=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"US203\"> Section 3: Candidates and the campaign<\/h5>\n<div class=\"page-list\"><ul class=\"list-group-item\"><li class=\"page_item page-item-245\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/the-emotional-politics-of-2020-fear-and-loathing-in-the-united-states\/\">The emotional politics of 2020: fear and loathing in the United States<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-251\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/branding-and-its-limits\/\">Branding and its limits<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-254\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/celtic-connections-reading-the-roots-of-biden-and-trump\/\">Celtic connections: reading the roots of Biden and Trump<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-258\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/kamala-harris-bobby-jindal-and-the-construction-of-indian-american-identity-in-political-campaigns\/\">Kamala Harris, Bobby Jindal, and the construction of Indian American identity in political campaigns<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-261\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/stratagems-of-hate-decoding-donald-trumps-denigrating-rhetoric-in-the-2020-presidential-campaign\/\">Stratagems of hate: decoding Donald Trump\u2019s denigrating rhetoric in the 2020 presidential campaign<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-265\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/campaign-finance-and-the-2020-u-s-election\/\">Campaign finance and the 2020 U.S. election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-268\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/the-emperor-had-no-clothes-after-all\/\">The emperor had no clothes, after all<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-271\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/trumps-tribal-appeal-us-vs-them\/\">Trump\u2019s tribal appeal: Us vs. Them<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<p>My latest book is on a topic a million miles from politics, but not a million miles from Donald Trump, it seems. It\u2019s on the psychology of trophy hunting &#8211; men and women who kill the majestic \u2018Big Five\u2019 (lion, elephant, rhino, buffalo and leopard) so that they can sit beaming at the camera with the dead animal at their feet. They pose with their rifle or cross-bow, the instruments of killing in a little iconic tableau representing power and dominion, representing their authority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They have narratives about the hunt, of course, about how they love the animals, about how hunting allows them to get close to nature, about human bonding and, of course, the evolutionary \u2018naturalness\u2019 of killing large prey. But it\u2019s never about this; it never has been. Killing large prey was never about providing food for the family, it generates too much meat to even share in a reciprocal exchange, it has always been about display &#8211; display of knowledge, cunning and resolve. Social scientists evoke \u2018costly signalling theory\u2019 and talk about its evolutionary implications. And it is display that drives trophy hunting today \u2013 but now it\u2019s about the display of wealth and resource (trophy hunting is a very expensive activity).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s all about the image; everything else is secondary. Image is especially important in this narcissistic age of ours. Those with weak self-esteem can boost it with these images, their Duchenne smile of achievement on display, the fatal wound of the animal temporarily hidden. Most narcissists stick to parading in different clothes on Facebook and counting their likes but those whose personality fall within the Dark Triad of narcissism, Machiavellianism and (non-clinical) psychopathy seem drawn to it.&nbsp;Indeed, a lack of empathy and a degree of callousness (characteristic of the Dark Triad) may be necessary conditions for trophy hunting, and trophy hunting and its depiction in images and films clearly facilitate the maintenance of narcissistic flow (another necessary condition).&nbsp;Such individuals don\u2019t feel for the animal, the animal is secondary, it\u2019s only a prop for the main actor. It\u2019s all about the person with the rifle, the main man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And so to politics &#8211; in an interview with David Frost&nbsp;in 1987 (now hastily rediscovered) when Joe Biden first ran for the presidency, he said that the most important attribute for any Presidential candidate is \u2018strength of character\u2019. We all know what he meant. He meant \u2018strength of good character\u2019. Character allows some attempt at truth and justice, and consistency. Bad character allows something else &#8211; winning at any cost, all about me, the flooded gurgling steam of narcissistic flow necessary to keep the fragile ego watered and intact. Like the trophy hunters, the narrative has to be different to make it palatable, to stop it being risible. \u2018Make me feel great again\u2019 becomes \u2018Make America Great Again\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And narcissists can be incredibly myopic &#8211; they only see what they want to see, to stop them getting upset. Trump never saw climate change nor Coronavirus and when I say \u2018saw\u2019, I mean it quite literally. In our lab, we have analysed individuals with particular personality characteristics as they read climate change articles. Optimists who suffer greatly from \u2018optimism bias\u2019 and believe wholeheartedly in the \u2018power of positive thinking\u2019 (written by Norman Vincent Peale \u2013 Trump\u2019s favourite author, and his family\u2019s pastor when he was growing up) skim over the articles and their longest gaze fixations are on any sections of the articles disputing the science. That\u2019s the \u2018good\u2019 news that they like to hang on to, even if there\u2019s little scientific basis for these critiques. But that\u2019s all they see. And this biased pattern of fixation feeds into their perception of the threat of climate change &#8211; it won\u2019t affect them \u2013 maybe other countries, maybe their children\u2019s children, but not them personally. Therefore, they do nothing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Connect up optimism bias with narcissism, and you have a nexus of traits driving attention and perception, only noticing certain things, fixating on this word rather than that, it is predictive and anticipatory. It maintains and reaffirms a mind-set but without necessarily any conscious awareness driving it. These gaze fixations are measured in micro-seconds but help establish a world view that most of us cannot recognise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So Trump lost, he misread COVID, he never saw it; he misread climate change, he never saw it. He spent too much time watching the iguanas fall from the trees in Florida when he was golfing at Mar-a-Lago in that cold snap of December 2017 &#8211; frozen iguanas persuading him that climate change was a hoax, fake news. But the weather isn\u2019t climate, cold snaps don\u2019t contradict climate change, fragments aren\u2019t the whole, moments aren\u2019t the final story, they can\u2019t be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Images fade, no matter how desperately you want them to be indelible. They fade like footprints in the snow, as the season changes, leaving just dirty looking puddles behind. That was the indelible image of the U.S. Presidential election in 2020 &#8211; for me at least.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prof Geoffrey Beattie Academic psychologist, writer and broadcaster.Professor of Psychology at Edge Hill University and a Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS), a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. He was awarded the Spearman Medal by the BPS for &#8220;published psychological research of outstanding [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":18,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-248","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Character and image in the U.S. presidential election: a psychological perspective - Election Analysis - United States<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2020\/section-3-candidates-and-the-campaign\/character-and-image-in-the-u-s-presidential-election-a-psychological-perspective\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Character and image in the U.S. presidential election: a psychological perspective - Election Analysis - United States\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prof Geoffrey Beattie Academic psychologist, writer and broadcaster.Professor of Psychology at Edge Hill University and a Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS), a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. 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