{"id":77,"date":"2016-11-18T00:21:44","date_gmt":"2016-11-18T00:21:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/?page_id=77"},"modified":"2016-11-18T14:47:14","modified_gmt":"2016-11-18T14:47:14","slug":"trump-and-mediatization","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/trump-and-mediatization\/","title":{"rendered":"Trump and mediatization"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"row \"><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-xs-12 col-sm-3\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-296\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Baym_headshot-bw-300x300.png\" alt=\"baym_headshot-bw\" width=\"227\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Baym_headshot-bw-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Baym_headshot-bw-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Baym_headshot-bw-60x60.png 60w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Baym_headshot-bw.png 453w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"ProfileText1\">\n<p class=\"BIO\"><strong><span class=\"CharOverride-35\">Prof Geoffrey Baym<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><em>Professor and chair of the Department of Media Studies and Production at Temple University (USA). He is the author of From Cronkite to Colbert: The Evolution of Broadcast News, and numerous articles and chapters on the changing face of television news and US political discourse.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><span class=\"EMAIL\">Email: gdbaym@temple.edu<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-261 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-1-300x283.png\" alt=\"US2016 - Section 1\" width=\"300\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-1-300x283.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-1-768x725.png 768w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-1-1024x966.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-1.png 1098w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h5 class=\"CampaignQuote1\">Section 1: Media<\/h5>\n<div class=\"page-list\"><ul class=\"list-group-item\"><li class=\"page_item page-item-69\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/the-question-of-objectivity-in-the-2016-presidential-election\/\">The question of objectivity in the 2016 Presidential Election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-71\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/after-objectivity\/\">After Objectivity?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-73\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/journalism-and-the-illusion-of-innocence\/\">Journalism and the illusion of innocence<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-75\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/did-election-results-trump-frames-of-newspaper-endorsements\/\">Did election results trump frames of newspaper endorsements?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-79\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/the-2016-election-and-the-success-of-fact-free-politics\/\">The 2016 election and the success of fact free politics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-81\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/trump-truth-and-the-media\/\">Trump, truth and the media<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-83\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/rise-of-donald-trump-media-as-a-voter-decision-accelerator\/\">Rise of Donald Trump: media as a voter-decision accelerator<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-85\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/the-new-normal-campaigns-elections-in-the-contemporary-media-environment\/\">The new normal? Campaigns and elections in the contemporary media environment<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-87\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/did-the-media-create-trump\/\">Did the media create Trump?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-89\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/trump-media-and-the-oxygen-of-publicity\/\">Trump, Media, and the \u2018oxygen of publicity\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-9 col-md-9 col-xs-12 col-sm-9\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"FIRST-PARA\">In 2007, the short-lived Fox News satire program\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">The<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Half-Hour News Hour\u00a0<\/span>opened with a fantasy skit featuring a President Rush Limbaugh on his first day in the Oval Office. With the \u201cjoke\u201d of the skit being that the right-wing radio host had somehow become President, Limbaugh calls for his Vice President, and in walks Ann Coulter, Limbaugh\u2019s fellow provocateur. It was a layered moment, with Fox News \u2013 itself a hybrid blend of broadcast news, conservative advocacy, and entertainment spectacle \u2013 imagining the fusion of conservative attack media and actual political power.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">Some eight years later, when Donald Trump announced his candidacy, he abandoned the prepared speech his advisers had crafted for him, and instead offered his ad-lib rant about Mexican rapists and the need for a \u201cbeautiful\u201d border wall. That, interestingly enough, was a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/10\/02\/magazine\/how-donald-trump-set-off-a-civil-war-within-the-right-wing-media.html\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">direct invocation<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of Coulter\u2019s anti-immigration screed \u00a1Adios, America!, which had been published two weeks earlier. Coulter herself was a Trump advisor and evangelist, promoting him unequivocally in her next book:\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">In Trump We Trust<\/span>. Coulter, of course, won\u2019t be vice president, but the lines between presidential policy, political-entertainment media, and celebrity spectacle have become as profoundly fused as Fox had once imagined.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">If we are to understand the phenomenon of a Trump presidency, then, we have to place it within the context of the melding of politics and entertainment. European scholars might call this\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.palgrave.com\/us\/book\/9781137275837\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">mediatization\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span class=\"REGULAR\">\u2013 the culture-wide turn in which the organizing logic, institutional imperatives, and discursive practices of the media come to shape the very workings of the political system itself. Elsewhere,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/ushe\/product\/from-cronkite-to-colbert-9780199945849?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp;\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">I have described this<\/span><\/a><span class=\"REGULAR\">\u00a0as \u201cdiscursive integration\u201d \u2013 a deep blending of once-discrete ways of talking about, knowing about, and acting within a world where politics, news, entertainment, commerce, and marketing have become inseparably intertwined.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">Trump, as individual and as phenomenon, sits squarely at this point of intersection. His emergence as a public political figure well predates the 2016 campaign.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/frontline\/article\/watch-inside-the-night-president-obama-took-on-donald-trump\/\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">Some date his decision<\/span><\/a>\u00a0to run for president to the 2011 White House Correspondence dinner, that weird hybrid of national politics, news media, and celebrity culture. Prior to that, though, Trump had long cultivated his public brand. Through the 1990s, he was the\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">playboy<\/span>: the swashbuckling negotiator imagined in\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Art of the Deal<\/span>\u00a0(1987) and the gold-plated ladies man constructed across media locales, including\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2016\/10\/08\/politics\/trump-on-howard-stern\/\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">The Howard Stern Show<\/span><\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.playboy.com\/articles\/playboy-interview-donald-trump-1990\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">Playboy magazine<\/span><\/a>. In the Bush years, when a neo-liberal ideology of corporate commerce rose to its global ascendance, Trump morphed into the\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">mogul<\/span>. For 11 years, he starred on NBC\u2019s\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">The Apprentice<\/span>, the popular reality TV show from executive producer Mark Burnett, the man behind\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Survivor<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Sarah Palin\u2019s Alaska<\/span>. There, as the\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Washington Post\u2019s<\/span>\u00a0Dan Balz\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/how-donald-trump-broke-the-old-rules-of-politics--and-won-the-white-house\/2016\/11\/09\/f3190498-a5e1-11e6-8fc0-7be8f848c492_story.html\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">writes<\/span><\/a>, \u201cTrump cultivated an image among middle-class Americans as a straight-shooting billionaire who had the bucks and the brass to stand up to anyone.\u201d That perception of \u201cbucks and brass\u201d in turn led to Trump\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mediamatters.org\/blog\/2016\/02\/01\/donald-trump-amp-fox-news-timeline-of-a-relatio\/208286\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">starring role<\/span><\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Fox News<\/span>, where he used his weekly call-in segment on the propagandistic morning show\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Fox and Friends<\/span>\u00a0to aggressively push the Obama \u201cbirther\u201d movement.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">While many would understandably reject Trump\u2019s media trajectory as legitimate qualification for the US presidency, the reality is that in an age of mediatization, standards of all sorts are being radically refashioned. That point is well understood by Trump\u2019s long-time political adviser Roger Stone,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/frontline\/article\/the-frontline-interview-roger-stone\/\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">who suggests<\/span><\/a>\u00a0that Trump\u2019s time on\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">The Apprentice<\/span>was \u201cthe greatest single asset to his presidential campaign.\u201d There, Stone explains, \u201cHe\u2019s perfectly made up. He\u2019s perfectly coiffed. He\u2019s perfectly lit. He\u2019s in the high-back chair making tough decisions. What does he look like? He looks like a president.\u201d To those of us who still want to envision the presidency as existing independently of what one \u201clooks like\u201d on television, Stone offers a rebuttal equally provocative and penetrating: \u201cNow, I understand the elites say, \u2018Oh, that\u2019s reality TV.\u2019 Voters don\u2019t see it that way. Television news and television entertainment: it\u2019s all television.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"ITALIC\">It\u2019s all television<\/span>, Stone suggests, suggesting that in an age of mediatization, television entertainment is as viable a path to the height of political power as a record of public service used to be. It also emphasizes the point that commercial television news is structurally incapable of providing any pushback. The US television news industry, of course, gave Trump an\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/03\/16\/upshot\/measuring-donald-trumps-mammoth-advantage-in-free-media.html\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">estimated 2 billion dollars<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in free air time during the campaign in pursuit of their mutual interests.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hollywoodreporter.com\/news\/leslie-moonves-donald-trump-may-871464\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">Proclaimed Les Moonves<\/span><\/a>, the head of CBS TV (home to Burnett\u2019s\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Survivor<\/span>), the Trump phenomenon \u201cmay not be good for America, but it\u2019s damn good for CBS. \u2026 Sorry,\u201d he continued, \u201cit\u2019s a terrible thing to say, but bring it on,<a id=\"_idTextAnchor004\"><\/a>\u00a0Donald. Keep going.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Moonves, and his frenemies at Fox News, have got their wish. The Donald Trump show will be on nightly, for at least the next four years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":21,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-77","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Trump and mediatization - US Election Analysis 2016<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-1-media\/trump-and-mediatization\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trump and mediatization - 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