{"id":187,"date":"2016-11-18T00:50:32","date_gmt":"2016-11-18T00:50:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/?page_id=187"},"modified":"2016-11-18T16:32:31","modified_gmt":"2016-11-18T16:32:31","slug":"tweeting-the-election-political-journalists-and-a-new-privilege-of-bias","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/tweeting-the-election-political-journalists-and-a-new-privilege-of-bias\/","title":{"rendered":"Tweeting the election: political journalists and a new privilege of bias?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"row \"><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-xs-12 col-sm-3\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-521\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Svenja_Ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw-300x300.png\" alt=\"svenja_ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw\" width=\"227\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Svenja_Ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Svenja_Ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Svenja_Ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw-60x60.png 60w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Svenja_Ottovordemgentschenfelde-bw.png 455w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"ProfileText6\">\n<p class=\"BIO\"><strong><span class=\"CharOverride-35\">Svenja Ottovordemgentschenfelde<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><em>PhD Candidate in the Department of Media and Communications at the London School of Economics and Political Science, and Research Fellow at the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><span class=\"EMAIL\">Email: S.Ottovordemgentschenfelde@lse.ac.uk<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-256\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6-296x300.png\" alt=\"US2016 - Section 6\" width=\"296\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6-296x300.png 296w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6-768x779.png 768w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6-1010x1024.png 1010w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6-60x60.png 60w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-6.png 1018w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<h5 class=\"CampaignQuote6\">Section 6: Digital Campaign<\/h5>\n<div class=\"page-list\"><ul class=\"list-group-item\"><li class=\"page_item page-item-179\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/did-russia-just-hand-donald-trump-the-presidency\/\">Did Russia just hand Donald Trump the Presidency?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-181\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/taking-julian-assange-seriously-considering-wikileaks-role-in-the-us-presidential-campaign\/\">Taking Julian Assange seriously: considering WikiLeaks\u2019 role in the US presidential campaign<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-183\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/social-media-did-not-give-us-donald-trump-and-it-is-not-weakening-democracy\/\">Social media did not give us Donald Trump and it is not weakening democracy<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-185\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/trump-and-the-triumph-of-affective-news-when-everyone-is-the-media\/\">Trump and the triumph of affective news when everyone is the media<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-189\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/the-dissolution-of-news-selective-exposure-filter-bubbles-and-the-boundaries-of-journalism\/\">The dissolution of news: selective exposure, filter bubbles, and the boundaries of journalism<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-191\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/fighting-the-red-feed-and-the-blue-feed\/\">Fighting the red feed and the blue feed<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-193\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/two-tribes-go-to-vote-symbolism-on-election-day\/\">Two tribes go to vote: symbolism on election day<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-195\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/ideas-are-for-sharing\/\">Ideas are for sharing<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-197\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/in-the-age-of-social-media-voters-still-need-journalists\/\">In the age of social media, voters still need journalists<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-199\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/dark-magic-the-memes-that-made-donald-trumps-victory\/\">Dark magic: the memes that made Donald Trump\u2019s victory<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-9 col-md-9 col-xs-12 col-sm-9\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"FIRST-PARA\">Real-life developments are the lifeblood of journalism. Naturally, journalists are drawn to spaces where news events and stories unfold. Twitter was one of the US election\u2019s most popular social spaces for public and real-time analysis, commentary, and deliberation of two notoriously polarizing candidates (recall, for example, #TrumpTapes, and the Twitterstorm that followed the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005\/2016\/10\/07\/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">Washington Post\u2019s release of a 2005 video<\/span><\/a>\u00a0where Donald Trump boasts about sexually assaulting women).<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">Journalists\u2019 affiliation with legacy news media traditionally warranted their adherence to a set of institutionally defined values, procedures and practices, and many news organizations attempt to uphold these on social media platforms via institutional policies that encourage or even regulate engagement. Ahead of the election, digital native\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Buzzfeed<\/span>\u00a0and legacy media such as\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">The New York Times<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Washington Post<\/span>\u00a0sent out\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/uk.businessinsider.com\/buzzfeed-editor-ben-smith-memo-social-media-bias-2016-7?r=US&amp;IR=T\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">memos to their staff<\/span><\/a>, which reminded them to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/09\/08\/public-editor\/liz-spayd-new-york-times-public-editor-social-media.html?_r=1\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">refrain from bias on social media<\/span><\/a>\u00a0when covering the heated election. This already foreshadowed that some journalists\u2019 Twitter engagement during this time might not be as impartial and balanced.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">Journalists who covered the election had to handle a striking and unprecedented amount of soft news topics. For example, an analysis by the\u00a0<span class=\"ITALIC\">Columbia Journalism Review<\/span>\u00a0found that this year\u2019s first presidential debate\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cjr.org\/analysis\/debate_questions_trump_clinton_personality.php\">focused more on personality than any other<\/a>\u00a0in US history. For political journalism \u2013 one of the classic hard news genres with an undisputed focus on fact and analysis \u2013 this became uneven territory at times, as personal attributes, subjective experiences and character judgments took center stage and even turned into news stories themselves.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">It was precisely these kinds of stories, the \u2018softer\u2019 ones, that encouraged many tweeting journalists to be snarky, witty and funny in their coverage. And tweets of this nature with high entertainment value (but low news value) happened to be those that did exceptionally well on the platform in terms of generating audience engagement and driving traffic \u2013 a very much desired outcome by both individual journalists as well as the news organizations they work for. To complicate matters for what we normatively understand as \u2018quality journalism\u2019, both of these (i.e. being funny on Twitter and followers liking it) clearly reinforced each other.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">It was an election that stirred up many political sentiments in all corners of the country,<span class=\"s1\">\u00a0including the news industry, where many candidate endorsements were<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2016\/09\/24\/495306873\/newspaper-endorsements-matter-most-when-theyre-unexpected\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">unexpected or broke long-standing traditions of party support<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">. Donald Trump quickly developed a reputation for picking fights with media outlets,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/blogs\/on-media\/2016\/09\/trump-campaign-ends-media-blacklist-227827\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">blacklisted some of them<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">\u00a0(which was later reversed, but the overall message this sent was loud and clear), he<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2016\/01\/28\/upshot\/donald-trump-twitter-insults.html\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">publically attacked countless reporters<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">, and made a name for himself as a\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/magazine\/story\/2016\/04\/2016-donald-trump-politics-campaign-twitter-social-media-213827\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">bully on Twitter<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">. Leading up to election day, USA Today<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/tech\/news\/2016\/10\/21\/massive-rise-in-hate-speech-twitter-during-presidential-election-donald-trump\/92486210\/\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">reported<\/span><\/a><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s1\">a \u2018massive rise\u2019 in election-related hate speech on Twitter, much of which seemed directed at journalists. While Twitter has just started to\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20169998\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">address abuse on its platform<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">, news organizations often don\u2019t provide support for journalists to manage negative experiences and attacks, as findings from my research suggest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\">Twitter is often perceived as a repository of what\u2019s clever, and its culture as \u2018casual\u2019, so\u00a0<span class=\"s1\">some reporters have found it difficult to bite their tongue. What came out was often emotionally charged, opinionated and biased to some degree or other. As I\u2019ve\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/towcenter.org\/tweeting-the-election-journalistic-voice-bias-and-knowing-where-the-line-is\/\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">argued before<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s1\">, this may not necessarily be to dish out revenge, but to blow off steam or\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s1\">out of a protective instinct for one\u2019s reputation and career.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">We know of many past examples where journalists have gotten into trouble for saying something on Twitter they shouldn\u2019t have (leading to suspensions or even losing their jobs). While some reporters during this election have transgressed what their professional code (and quite possibly an institutional social media policy) outlines as acceptable professional behavior, we rarely heard of consequences. My research findings support this: the majority of journalists are aware that their engagement on Twitter also waves their employer\u2019s flag on it. Thus, news organizations tend to reap the benefits of journalists pro-active Twitter presence and allow the occasional degree of freedom a journalist may take, and reserve intervention only for when things go wrong.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Biased reporters on Twitter seemed to have gotten away with what was once a privilege reserved for opinion writers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":35,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-187","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tweeting the election: political journalists and a new privilege of bias? - US Election Analysis 2016<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-6-internet\/tweeting-the-election-political-journalists-and-a-new-privilege-of-bias\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tweeting the election: political journalists and a new privilege of bias? 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