{"id":101,"date":"2016-11-18T00:29:32","date_gmt":"2016-11-18T00:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/?page_id=101"},"modified":"2016-11-18T15:24:24","modified_gmt":"2016-11-18T15:24:24","slug":"how-donald-trump-bullies-with-his-body-language","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/how-donald-trump-bullies-with-his-body-language\/","title":{"rendered":"How Donald Trump bullies with his body language"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"row \"><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-xs-12 col-sm-3\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-350\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Geoffrey_Beattie-300x300.png\" alt=\"geoffrey_beattie\" width=\"227\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Geoffrey_Beattie-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Geoffrey_Beattie-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Geoffrey_Beattie-60x60.png 60w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Geoffrey_Beattie.png 453w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"ProfileText2\">\n<p class=\"BIO\"><strong><span class=\"CharOverride-35\">Prof Geoffrey Beattie<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><em><span class=\"CharOverride-42\">Professor\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"CharOverride-42\">of Psychology at Edge\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"CharOverride-42\">Hill University in the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"CharOverride-42\">UK and author of Rethinking Body Language<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"BIO\"><span class=\"EMAIL\">Email: Beattieg@edgehill.ac.uk<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-260\" src=\"http:\/\/www.electionanalysis2016.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-300x300.png\" alt=\"US2016 - Section 2\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-768x771.png 768w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-1020x1024.png 1020w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2-60x60.png 60w, https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/US2016-Section-2.png 1022w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h5 class=\"CampaignQuote2\">Section 2: Campaign<\/h5>\n<div class=\"page-list\"><ul class=\"list-group-item\"><li class=\"page_item page-item-91\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/evidence-for-the-powerful-roles-of-polarization-and-partisanship\/\">Evidence for the powerful roles of polarization and partisanship<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-95\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/the-emotional-brand-wins\/\">The emotional brand wins<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-97\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/donald-trumps-slogan-betrays-a-renewed-political-fixation-on-the-past\/\">Donald Trump\u2019s slogan betrays a renewed political fixation on the past<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-99\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/dog-whistles-and-dumpster-fires\/\">Dog whistles and dumpster fires<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-103\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/analysing-debate-questions-is-it-time-to-rethink-the-town-hall\/\">Analysing debate questions: is it time to rethink the town hall?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-105\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/image-bites-voter-enthusiasm-and-the-2016-presidential-election\/\">Image bites, voter enthusiasm, and the 2016 Presidential Election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-107\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/air-war-campaign-advertising-in-the-2016-presidential-election\/\">Air war? Campaign advertising in the 2016 Presidential Election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-109\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/us-election-what-impact-do-celebrity-endorsements-really-have\/\">US election: what impact do celebrity endorsements really have?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-111\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/the-backlash-of-the-loose-cannon-musicians-and-the-celebrity-cleavage\/\">The backlash of the loose cannon: musicians and the celebrity cleavage<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-113\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/the-curious-case-of-jill-stein\/\">The curious case of Jill Stein<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-115\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/the-green-party-effect-in-the-us-2016-election\/\">The Green Party effect in the US 2016 Election<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-127\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/us-presidential-candidate-selection\/\">US presidential candidate selection<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-117\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/the-lolnothingmatters-election\/\">The #LolNothingMatters election<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class=\"col-lg-9 col-md-9 col-xs-12 col-sm-9\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"FIRST-PARA\">As Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump ramp up for their third and final televised debate, people are still trying to make sense of what happened at their second one. It was an odd sort of presidential debate, maybe the oddest ever \u2013 and it was certainly the ugliest and most tawdry.<\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Mere days after the release of a video in which Trump bragged about using his celebrity status to grab women by their genitals without consent, he was already collapsing in the polls. He responded by parading a number of women who have accused Bill Clinton of inappropriate sexual behaviour in the past, then bringing them along to the debate in an effort to both embarrass him and unsettle Hillary Clinton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">At first, at least, it seemed to work. You didn\u2019t need to be a body language expert to see the discomfort on Bill Clinton\u2019s face when he was led into the auditorium and seated in the front row.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Now Trump is seeing his numbers slide into the terminal zone, he\u2019s increasingly resorting to the psychological tricks of the pugilistic. All boxers have little games they like to play to unsettle their opponents. They don\u2019t see it as cheating; it\u2019s just part of the game. That\u2019s how Trump seems to think.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">But Trump also has a penchant for name-calling, something boxers only resort to when they\u2019re desperate. He\u2019s called Clinton \u201cCrooked Hillary\u201d hundreds of times before on Twitter and in speeches to sympathetic crowds, but at the second debate he went so far as to call her a liar to her face multiple times. Anything for an advantage. Anything to rattle your opponent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Their latest encounter was debating as street fighting, a metaphor widely used in the run-up to the debate. The idea was so pervasive it turned into a metaphorical frame that affected what we saw and what we noticed, and even how we judged the outcome of this battle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Various commentators summed up Trump\u2019s debate performances by speculating that he might have \u201cstopped the bleeding\u201d from the Republican faithful, despite his comments about how he views and treats women (\u201clocker room talk, folks\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Trump\u2019s body language went through several periods of transition in the debate. Having to hold a microphone interferes with the natural two-handed gestures on which he relies heavily. We can all recognise them: arms outstretched, arms pointing downwards, palms forward, characteristically signalling his connection with the common man through the distinctive, demonstrative gestures of New York \u2013 gestures that work because they speak straight to the usually unconscious nonverbal system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Trump is quite expert at using some gestures and sequences of gestures in particular. First comes a barrier signal: arms up, palms out. \u2018Beware\u2019, it says. \u2018Danger\u2019. Then he uses a precision hand gesture \u2013 a distinctive thumb-and-forefinger position \u2013 which alternates with an L-shaped gesture. The danger signal produces an immediate emotional effect, then he reassures the audience with his precision gesture. \u201cI\u2019ve got a plan,\u201d he says nonverbally, \u201ca precise plan. It\u2019s time for a change.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Slicing and pointing, that\u2019s what Trump can do, at least when he\u2019s not forced to hold a microphone in one hand as he was at the second debate. I was surprised he didn\u2019t complain about this, since he complained about everything else: the \u201cbias\u201d of the moderators, \u201cit\u2019s three against one\u201d, the fact that Clinton got more time \u2013 anything, like a child who thinks that the world isn\u2019t fair.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">Looking tired, he started quietly rocking on his feet as Clinton spoke, a telltale sign of negative emotion leaking out nonverbally. Clearly he wasn\u2019t comfortable with the fallout from the leaked tape. He started sniffing when he talked, as he did throughout the first debate. It\u2019s a distraction, and it noticeably gets more pronounced when he\u2019s on the spot.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">He started gesturing demonstratively for the first time when he talked about his wealth. \u2018Batonic\u2019 gestures \u2013 stress-timed gestures that have no iconic content, such as the up-and-down beat of a hand \u2013 tend to mark out content that\u2019s highly significant for the speaker, but when Trump begins his personal attacks, the more complex and abstract metaphoric gestures start up in earnest. These are a core part of Trump\u2019s implicit message, and they have an immediate effect. Their meaning is processed simultaneously with his speech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">As he went on the attack in the debate, his use of beat gestures duly increased. He chopped, he pointed, he sliced. Trump was now fully armed. He heckled, he interrupted, he glowered as Clinton talked, issuing a nonverbal running commentary on what she was saying.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">All in all, this was a bully\u2019s performance, a physical attempt to dominate Clinton and manipulate our interpretation of her words. Clinton quoted Michelle Obama\u2019s \u201cWhen they go low, we go high\u201d, but with Trump expressing himself as he did \u2013 stalking her as she talked, prowling behind her like a big beast of the jungle \u2013 the tone of the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"REGULAR\">encounter remained firmly at the lower end of the scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">The American linguist George Lakoff has commented that Trump \u201cuses your brain against you\u201d. Much of everyday thought is unconscious, and it\u2019s that psychological spot that Trump targets, much as a boxer or street fighter does.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Basic-Paragraph-US\"><span class=\"REGULAR\">The fact that he got us all thinking that only a \u2018knockout\u2019 would constitute success for Hillary Clinton was therefore a victory of sorts. He was on the ropes that night, and he knew it; in the end he bobbed and weaved to fight another day, despite everything we now know about this most unpresidential of men. Nonetheless, his poll ratings slid after each performance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":23,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-101","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Donald Trump bullies with his body language - US Election Analysis 2016<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electionanalysis.ws\/us\/president2016\/us-election-analysis-2016\/section-2-campaign\/how-donald-trump-bullies-with-his-body-language\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Donald Trump bullies with his body language - 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